Muhammad al-Baqir

Muhammad al-Bāqir
Imams of Shi'a Islam

Rank Fifth Twelver/Musta‘lī Imām
Fourth Nizārī Imām
Name Muhammad ibn ‘Alī ibn Husayn
Kunya Abū Ja‘far[1][2]
Birth 1st Rajab 57 AH[2]
676 C.E.
Death 7th Dhu al-Hijjah 114 AH[2]
743 C.E.
Birthplace Madīnah[1][2]
Buried Jannatul Baqī‘,[1][2] Madīnah
Life Duration

Before Imamate: 37 years
(57 - 94 AH)
- 3 years with his grandfather Imām Husayn
- 34 years alongside his father Imām as-Sajjād

Imamate: 19 years
(94 - 114 AH)
Titles
Spouse(s) Umm Farwah
Umm Hakīm bint Usayd ibn al-Mughīrā al-Thaqafī
Father ‘Alī ibn Husayn
Mother Fātimah bint al-Hasan ibn ‘Alī[2]
Children Ja‘far as-Sādiq, Ibrahīm,[3] ‘Alī,[3] ‘Abdullāh,[3] Zaynab,[3] Umm Salamah[3]

Panjetan.jpg
Ali · Hasan · Husayn
al-Sajjad · al-Baqir · al-Sadiq
Musa (Twelver) · Ismail (Ismaili)

Muḥammad ibn ‘Alī al-Baqir (Arabic: محمد ابن علي الباقر ‎) (676-743 AD or 1 Rajab 57 AH – 7 Dhu al-Hijjah 114 AH)[2] was the Fifth Imām to the Twelver Shī‘ah and Fourth Imām to the Ismā‘īlī Shī‘ah. His father was the previous Imām, ‘Alī ibn Ḥusayn, and his mother was Fatimah bint al-Hasan. He is highly respected by Shia Muslims for his religious knowledge and Islamic scholarship.

Contents

Birth

Muhammad al-Baqir

Muhammad al-Baqir was born on the 1st of the month of Rajab, 57th Hijra, in the city of Medina.

Because of his resemblance to his great-grandfather he was named Muhammad, because of it that he analyzed the knowledge and made manifest its secrets he became known with the title of al-Baqir.

He was the first Imam whose lineage ascended and reached the Islamic prophet Muhammad both from the paternal and maternal sides.

His life history can be divided into two parts:

Expertise

Muhammad al-Baqir was awarded the title Baqir al-'Ulum "Revealer of Knowledge" because of his religious and judicial knowledge and his enthusiasm to teach. Muhammad al-Baqir’s son, Ja'far al-Sadiq, was his student and benefited from his knowledge. He founded the precursor of Shī‘ah jurisprudence.

During the Umayyad rulers

Despite his aversion to politics, the Umayyad rulers harassed Muhammad al-Baqir for fear of his popularity and influence. The actions of his brother and other kinsmen made them distrust him.

Death

Muhammad al-Baqir was poisoned by the order of Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik[2] on 7 Dhu al-Hijjah 114 at the age of 57 years. His body was buried beside the graves of other Imams in the graveyard of Jannatul Baqee'.[1][2]

Timeline

Muhammad al-Baqir
of the Ahl al-Bayt
Panjetan.jpg
Banu Hashim
Clan of the Banu Quraish
Born: 1st Rajab 57 AH 676 CE Died: 7th Dhu al-Hijjah 114 AH 743 CE
Shī‘a Islam titles
Preceded by
Ali ibn Husayn
5th Imam of Shi'a Islam
713 – 743
Succeeded by
Jafar al-Sadiq

See also

External links

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Shaykh al-Mufid. "The Infallibles - Taken from Kitab al Irshad". http://www.al-islam.org/masoom/bios/5thimam.html. Retrieved 2009-05-19. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 A Brief History of The Fourteen Infallibles. Qum: Ansariyan Publications. 2004. p. 117. 
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 al-Qarashi, Baqir Shareef. "3". The life of Imam Mohammad al-Baqir. Qum: Ansariyan Publications. 
  4. LIFE OF IMAM HASSAN BIN ALI (A.S),Provided by Zahid Abbas Jaffery,(www.shianews.com) http://syd.dubaijamaat.com/imam_hassan.htm